{"id":61,"date":"2026-05-06T20:05:24","date_gmt":"2026-05-06T20:05:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/?page_id=61"},"modified":"2026-05-06T20:05:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-06T20:05:24","slug":"special-focus-race-racism-medievalism-and-the-middle-ages","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/contents\/medievalism-communities\/special-focus-race-racism-medievalism-and-the-middle-ages\/","title":{"rendered":"Special Focus\u2014Race, Racism, Medievalism and the Middle Ages"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6 style=\"text-align: right;\">by Carol L. Robinson<br \/>\nKent State University<\/h6>\n<h6><em>Previously Published\u00a0 as a<br \/>\n<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/teams-medieval.org\/featured-lesson\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TEAMS Medieval Featured Lesson<\/a>.<\/h6>\n<hr \/>\n<div id=\"attachment_311\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-311 \" src=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/bottle-nazi-1-300x268-1-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"186\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-311\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-311\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">(I made this image by merging two images that I found on the Web.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><em>This page has been built \u00a0to fuel constructive\u00a0<\/em>approaches \u00a0for teaching about, learnng, and fighting racism in medieval studies. Inspiration for the development of this lesson page comes from recent events in the academic world. \u00a0There is a rift growing among medieval scholars and scholars of medievalism, as the below materials demonstrate.\u00a0 For example, when this page first appeared on the TEAMS (Teaching Association for Medieval Studies) website, one scholar expressed anger over the above \u201cRacist-B-Gone\u201d image, stating that it was discriminatory and hateful toward white supremacists, who have a right to their beliefs (and shouldn\u2019t be questioned?). While this rift has been developing for quite some time, with periodic rumblings of small-scale quakes, in recent years, these rumblings have grown louder, and in 2017 the quakes shook the very foundation of the academy, as the below letters and petitions attest. \u00a0Scholars who have questioned and fought against racist views and racist portrayals of medieval history and literature have risked and received both public and private attacks. \u00a0Such attacks have often been malicious and have ranged from being highly unprofessional to extremely personal (including\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/08\/30\/technology\/doxxing-protests.html?_r=0\">doxxing<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/society\/2015\/feb\/02\/what-happened-confronted-cruellest-troll-lindy-west\">trolling<\/a>), and these attacks have come from non-academic individuals, as well as fellow scholars who have reacted strongly against attempts at fighting racist thinking within the medieval academy.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_306\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-306 \" src=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/whiteknights.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"229\" height=\"249\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-306\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-306\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image found in random places on the Web. \u201cLoyal White Knights\u201d is the nickname for the Ku Klux Klan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>More recently, entire universities have closed DEI centers and similar education support (including classes), as directed to do so by state and federal mandates. Whether or not medievalism is also associated with that is for you to determine.<\/p>\n<p><strong>INVITATION:<\/strong>\u00a0If you would like to add to this page, or if anyone or anything is missing from this page, please contact me (<a href=\"mailto:clrobins@kent.edu\">clrobins@kent.edu<\/a>). At the end of this semester, it will be republished and made public. You will be given credit for your contribution.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Contributors &amp; Consultants (people who have made suggestions or shared information to the building of this page, in alphabetical order):<\/strong>\u00a0Pamela Clements, Jeffery J. Cohen, Jonathan Hsy, Eileen A. Fradenburg Joy, Dorothy Kim, Sierra Lomuto, Martha Oberle, Julie Orlemanski, Martin B. Shichtman, Gale Sigal, Deborah M. Sinnreich-Levi,<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Richard Utz, and Helen Young.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 id=\"context\"><strong>Sources for Context<\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 id=\"peripheral-information\"><strong>Peripheral Information<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.getty.edu\/art\/exhibitions\/outcasts\/downloads\/heng_race_racism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Race and Racism in the European Middle<\/a>\u00a0Ages (Geraldine Heng, nd)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/trinity.duke.edu\/videos\/medieval-jewish-rights\">Medieval Jewish Perspectives on Human Rights<\/a>, Duke University<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/humanrights\/1215-1500\/\">Medieval Concept of Human Rights<\/a>, The National Archives (UK)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/bigthink.com\/philip-perry\/did-this-medieval-african-empire-invent-human-rights\">Did This Medieval Medieval African Empire Invent Human Rights<\/a>? by Philip Perry (January 22, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.berkeley.edu\/research\/the-robbins-collection\/robbins-collection-library\/exhibitions\/medieval-law-school\/\">The Medieval Law School<\/a>, Robbins Collection, UC Berkeley School of Law<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/chicagounbound.uchicago.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&amp;context=fulton_lectures\">Fundamental Human Rights in Medieval Law\u00a0<\/a>by Richard H. Helmholz, The Maurice and Muriel Fulton Lectures, University of Chicago Law School: Chicago Unbound (2001)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.medievalistsofcolor.com\/\">Medievalists of Color<\/a><\/li>\n<li>VIDEO:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.medievalacademy.org\/page\/racismandinstitutionswebinar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Race, Racism, and Our Institutions and Disciplines<\/a>\u00a0(The Medieval Academy of America, September 18, 2020)<\/li>\n<li>VIDEO:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/cla.csulb.edu\/centers\/med-ren\/roundtable-race-nationalism-and-fantasies-of-the-middle-ages-and-renaissance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Race, Nationalism, and Fantasies of the Middle Ages and Renaissance<\/a>\u00a0(Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, November 30, 2020)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/age-of-awareness\/using-video-games-to-confront-racism-and-sexism-c03b30e519b8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Using Video Games to Confront Racism and Sexism<\/a>\u00a0(by Shefali O\u2019Hara, October 11, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/research-and-publications\/perspectives-on-history\/october-2021\/confronting-race-and-medieval-fantasies-teaching-the-middle-ages-in-the-modern-south\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Confronting Race and Medieval Fantasies<\/a>\u00a0(Courtney Luckhardt, September 22, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/filmquarterly.org\/2021\/10\/08\/the-green-knight-non-whiteness-and-landscape-punk-in-a24orror\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Green Knight<\/em>: Non-Whiteness and Landscape Punk in \u201cA24orror\u201d<\/a>\u00a0(by J. M.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-555 \" src=\"https:\/\/cyberspacerobinson.org\/ENG34001\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/black-knight.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"312\" \/>\u00a0Tyree, October 8, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.polygon.com\/22632726\/green-knight-color-decoding-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Green Knight<\/em>\u00a0doesn\u2019t have to discuss race to make its racial messages clear<\/a>\u00a0(by Angeline Rodriguez, August 20, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/publicmedievalist.com\/green-knight-after-conquest\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>The Green Knight<\/em>\u00a0Shows the Dark Age After the \u2018Glorious\u2019 Conquest<\/a>\u00a0(by Sabina Rahman, September 14, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cyberspacerobinson.org\/ENG34001\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Literature-Compass-2022-Young-Popular-fiction-and-white-extremism-Neo%E2%80%90Nazi-ideology-and-medievalist-crime-fiction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Popular Fiction and White Extremism: Neo-Nazi Ideology and Medievalist Crime Fiction<\/a>\u00a0(by Helen Young and Stephanie Downes, July 16, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/cyberspacerobinson.org\/ENG34001\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/olh-9796-clark.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Azeem and the Witch: Race, Disability, and Medievalisms in\u00a0<em>Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(by Rachel Ellen Clark, 2023)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newberry.org\/blog\/depictions-disrupt-long-held-assumptions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Texts and Art Depict Race in the European Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0(by Christopher Fletcher, November 30, 2023)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/research-and-publications\/perspectives-on-history\/november-2017\/medievalism-white-supremacy-and-the-historians-craft\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medievalism, White Suprmacy, and the Historian\u2019s Craft\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0(by Carol Symes, November 2, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/publications-and-directories\/perspectives-on-history\/september-2017\/a-continent-among-continents-european-history-today\">A Continent among Continents: European History Today<\/a>\u00a0by Tyler Stovall,\u00a0September, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/03\/17\/world\/europe\/vikings-sweden-paganism-neonazis.html\">Who Owns the Vikings? Pagans, Neo-Nazis and Advertisers Tussle Over Symbols<\/a>\u00a0by Richard Martyn-Hemphill and Henrik Pryser Libell (March 17, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/race-in-the-profession\/lost-in-our-field-racism-and-the-international-congress-on-medieval-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lost in Our Field: Racism and the International Congress on Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Nahir I. Ota\u00f1o Gracia (July 24, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/matthewgabriele\/2018\/07\/14\/history-medieval-studies-haunts-study-past\/#4687c6f46b52\">Why the History of Medieval Studies Haunts How We Study the Past by Matthew Gabriele<\/a>\u00a0(<em>Forbes<\/em>, July 14, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/public-discourse\/\">Lost in Our Field: Racism and the International Congress on Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Nahir I. Ota\u00f1o Gracia (July 24, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diverseeducation.com\/latest-news\/article\/15106414\/medieval-studies-struggles-against-white-supremacist-elements-in-the-field\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medieval Studies Struggles Against White Supremacist Elements in the Field<\/a>\u00a0(by Jessica Ruf, March 18, 2020)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/history\/many-myths-term-anglo-saxon-180978169\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Many Myths of the Term \u2018Anglo-Saxon\u2019<\/a>\u00a0by Mary Rambaran-Olm and Erik Wade (July 14, 2021)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/articles\/hobbit-camps-fascism-italy?utm_source=Atlas+Obscura+Daily+Newsletter&amp;utm_campaign=e9b606f935-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2017_10_06&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_f36db9c480-e9b606f935-63357741&amp;ct=t()&amp;mc_cid=e9b606f935&amp;mc_eid=b9965c1caf\">How \u2018Hobbit Camps\u2019 Rebirthed Italian Facism<\/a>\u00a0by John Last (October 3, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.historians.org\/publications-and-directories\/perspectives-on-history\/september-2017\/a-continent-among-continents-european-history-today\">A Continent among Continents: European History Today<\/a>\u00a0by Tyler Stovall,\u00a0<em>Perspectives on History: The Newsmagazine of the American Historical Association<\/em>\u00a0(September, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/alternativeright.hopenothate.com\/my-year-inside-the-international-alt-right\">My Year Inside the International Alt-Right<\/a>\u00a0by Patrik Hermansson,\u00a0<em>Hope not Hate<\/em>\u00a0(September 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/universal-declaration-human-rights\/\">The Universal Declaration of Human Rights<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/datasociety.net\/pubs\/res\/Online_Harassment_Information_Sheet-Oct-2016.pdf?fref=gc&amp;dti=277024959443112\">Online Harassment Information for Universities<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/ATTNVideo\/videos\/1764081530563467\/\">ATTN: Video\u2014This professor is playing a voice message to highlight the prevalence of racism in America<\/a>\u00a0by Jason Nichols\u00a0<em>Facebook<\/em>\u00a0(October 12, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/discovery.princeton.edu\/2022\/01\/30\/age-of-intolerance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Age of Intolerance? Exploring the medieval origins of Modern Racism<\/a>\u00a0(by Catherine Zandonella, January 30, 2022)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/human-rights\">Human Rights<\/a>,\u00a0<em>Encyclopedia Britannica<\/em><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aphilosopher.wordpress.com\/2015\/06\/24\/the-two-bads-fallacy-racism\/\">The \u201cTwo Bads\u201d Fallacy &amp; Racism<\/a>\u00a0by Michael LaBossiere,\u00a0<em>A Philosopher\u2019s Blog<\/em>\u00a0(June 24, 2015)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.cn.edu\/kwheeler\/fallacies_list.html\">Logical Fallacies Handlist<\/a>\u00a0by L. Kip Wheeler,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.cn.edu\/kwheeler\/index.html\"><em>Dr. Wheeler\u2019s Website<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"some-letters-declarations-and-petitions\"><strong>Some Letters, Declarations and Petitions<\/strong><\/h3>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<p>There has been (and continues to be) a rift in medieval scholarship over what defines \u201cracism\u201d and who is being racists, as the below materials demonstrate. \u00a0Additionally, the below letters, declarations, and petitions demonstrate how this racism has fueled actions of hatred, as well as responses to those actions. \u00a0These have been organized in publication order. \u00a0For now, links to actually racist letters, articles and other posts have not been included, although several of the works listed below do provide direct links to these hateful writings.\u00a0 (Note: This list has not been updated since 2018.)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.change.org\/p\/harvey-kesselman-stockton-edu-stop-the-alt-right-libel-campaign-against-stockton-university-professor-adam-miyashiro\">Stop the Alt Right Libel Campaign Against Stockton University Professor Adam Miyashiro<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/forms\/d\/e\/1FAIpQLScUJwpsCizi_qGwxqPWu8pMYc-9MMc1TjJ6fYM__LRnXV6q_A\/viewform\">Statement of Commitment, from Some Medievalists at the University of Chicago<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.themedievalacademyblog.org\/medieval-academy-of-america-amended-values-statement\/\">Medieval Academy of America Amended Values Statement<\/a>\u00a0(September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dorothy.kim.92\/posts\/10214319638929420\">Letter from the Medieval Academy of America to Professor Dorothy Kim\u00a0<\/a>(September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/teams-medieval.org\/?p=274\">Statement Concerning Civility, Scholarship, and Pedagogy<\/a>, TEAMS Teaching Association for Medieval Studies (September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/newchaucersociety.org\/news\/entry\/ncs-statement-about-public-discourse-and-civility\">NCS Statement About Public Discourse and Civility<\/a>, The New Chaucer Society (September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/medievalism.net\/?p=92\">Statement of Solidarity<\/a>, International Society for the Study of Medievalism (September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/president.vassar.edu\/point-of-view\/170917-intellectual-freedom.html\">Regarding Intellectual Freedom<\/a>, Office of the President, Vassar (September 17, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.canadianmedievalists.org\/news\/5264550\">Response to recent acts of white supremacism<\/a>, Canadian Society of Medievalists (September 17, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/mk2ifzv34803zlo\/chicago_open_%20letter.pdf?dl=0\">An Open Letter to the Department of History, University of Chicago<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipetitions.com\/petition\/ipps-dorothy-kim\">IPPS statement in support of Dorothy Kim<\/a>\u00a0(<em>Piers Plowman<\/em>\u00a0Society)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/medievalists-of-color-\/statement-of-solidarity\">Solidarity with Our Jewish Colleagues<\/a>\u00a0(Medievalists of Color)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thismess.net\/2017\/09\/in-support-of-dr-dorothy-kim.html\">In Support of Dr. Dorothy Kim<\/a>\u00a0by David M. Perry,\u00a0<em>How did we get into this mess?<\/em>\u00a0(September 16, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/medievalists-of-color-\/on-race-and-medieval-studies\">On Race and Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0A Collective Statement by\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/medievalists-of-color-\/index\">Medievalists of Color<\/a>\u00a0(August 1, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/smfsweb.org\/presidents-letters-to-leeds-imc-re-diversity-and-inclusivity\/\">President\u2019s Letters to Leeds IMC Re. Diversity and Inclusivity<\/a>\u00a0by Liz Herbert McAvoy, Society for Medieval Feminist Scholarship (July 18, 2017 &amp; July 31, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipetitions.com\/petition\/imc-otherness\">\u201cOtherness\u201d at IMC in Leeds: An Open Letter<\/a>\u00a0(July, 2017)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 id=\"teaching\"><strong>Sources for Teaching<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><strong>Articles on Lessons and Other Teaching Approaches, Published in \u00a0<\/strong><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/\">The Once and Future Classroom: Resources for Teaching the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"kg-image alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/teams-medieval.org\/content\/images\/2021\/02\/image--2-.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"155\" height=\"155\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thingstransform.com\/2017\/11\/white-supremacy-and-medieval-studies.html\">White Supremacy and Medieval Studies: A Lesson Plan<\/a>\u00a0by M.W. Bychowski (November 11, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/race-and-ethnicity-saracens-and-jews-in-middle-english-literature\/\">Race and Ethnicity: Saracens and Jews in Middle English Literature<\/a>\u00a0by Ashley R. Conklin \u00a0(Spring 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/6rNXp9Ga17xwgk7g7a9KYf?fbclid=IwAR0TTkhXGobsizdJ3FybUkOWJHlbN9Py_0hvpWWDf651kLUEKviNWkMBt6g\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Race in Medieval Romances<\/a>\u00a0with Dr. Sierra Lomuto (Knight School Podcast Episode)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medievalist.com\/articles\/race-in-the-middle-ages-and-white-supremacy-in-medieval-studies\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Race in Medieval Europe and Racism in Medieval Studies: A Reading List<\/a>\u00a0(by Daniel Najork, June 13, 2023)<\/li>\n<li>History Bites: Resources on the Problematic Term \u201cAnglo-Saxon\u201d by M. Rambaran-Olm (September 7, 2020)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@mrambaranolm\/history-bites-resources-on-the-problematic-term-anglo-saxon-part-1-9320b6a09eb7\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@mrambaranolm\/history-bites-resources-on-the-problematic-term-anglo-saxon-part-2-bdad6f7439c6\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Part 2<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@mrambaranolm\/history-bites-resources-on-the-problematic-term-anglo-saxon-part-3-2f38919569f0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Part 3<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/canterbury-trails-walking-with-immigrants-refugees-and-the-man-of-law\/\">Canterbury Trails: Walking with Immigrants, Refugees and the Man of Law<\/a>\u00a0by Pamela Troyer (Spring 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/archives\/?page_id=655\">Robbing the Saracen to Create the Englishman: Islam and Muslims in\u00a0<em>Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by Meriem Pages (Fall 2010)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/archives\/?page_id=456\">Library Resources: The Crusades\u2014An Annotated Bibliography for Teachers<\/a>\u00a0by Leila K. Norako (Fall 2007)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/once-and-future-classroom.org\/archives\/?page_id=316\">Maldon, Gettysburg, and the Somme: Tolkien\u2019s Homecoming and the Idea of Chivalry\u00a0<\/a>by John W. Houghton \u00a0(Spring 2005)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"selected-list-of-texts-to-teach-teams-teaching-association-for-medieval-studies\"><strong>Selected List of Medieval Texts to Teach \u2014 TEAMS: Teaching Association for Medieval Studies<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arc-humanities.org\/products\/c-67114-110116-29-7417\/\"><em>Croxton Play of the Sacrament<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Ed. John Sebastian \u00a0\u2014 Surviving in a single sixteenth-century copy, this text dramatizes the physical abuse by five Muhammad-worshipping Syrian Jews of a Host, the bread consecrated by a priest during the Christian Mass. The text is the work of a playwright possessed of a tremendous theatrical imagination, notwithstanding his choice of subject matter.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arc-humanities.org\/products\/t-84104-114115-16-7416\/\"><em>The King of Tars<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Ed. John H. Chandler \u00a0\u2014 An early Middle English romance (ca. 1330 or earlier), this text emphasizes ideas about race, gender, and religion. A short poem, its purpose is to celebrate the power of Christianity, and yet it defies classification.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arc-humanities.org\/products\/r-82105-111110-20-8012\/\"><em>Richard Coer de Lion<\/em><\/a>. Ed. Peter Larkin. Trans. Katherine Terrell \u2014 One of the most engaging Middle English crusading poems,\u00a0<em>Richard Coer de Lyon<\/em>\u00a0recounts in verse the exploits, both historical and fanciful, of Richard I, king of England. While Richard\u2019s participation in the Third Crusade serves as its main subject, the poem disrupts its historical narrative with a number of fabulous interpolations, two of which are particularly notorious: the depiction of Richard\u2019s mother as a demon, and the portrayal of the king himself as a voracious cannibal.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arc-humanities.org\/products\/s-83105-101109-18-7718\/\"><em>Siege of Jerusalem<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Ed. Michael Livingston. \u00a0Trans. Adrienne Williams Boyarin \u2014 The fourteenth-century\u00a0<em>Siege of Jerusalem<\/em>\u00a0has been called by Ralph Hanna \u201cthe chocolate-covered tarantula of the alliterative movement\u201d for its apparent anti-Semitism and is, as Livingston notes in his introduction, \u201csimply difficult for twenty-first-century readers to like.\u201d The poem, which describes the destruction of the Second Temple by Roman forces in AD 70, is graphic in detail and unpleasant in its relish of the suffering of the Jews. But as Livingston points out, \u201cLike the gritty violence of\u00a0<em>Alliterative Morte Arthure<\/em>, the gore in\u00a0<em>Siege<\/em>\u00a0is perhaps best read as a grim awareness of the terrible realities of war, not as a bloodthirsty and berserk cry for further bloodshed. . . . That the poem is a call to action and to crusade, then, seems to be a claim that is far less sustainable than its opposite: a call to peace and to remembrance.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/arc-humanities.org\/products\/t-84104-101115-41-6511\/\"><em>Three Middle English Charlemagne Romances<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Ed. Alan Lupack \u2014 This volume serves as an excellent introduction to the tradition of romances dealing with the matter of France\u2014that is, Charlemagne and his Twelve Peers. Of the three groups of English Charlemagne romances, the Ferumbras group, the Otuel group, and \u201cdetached romances,\u201d the editor has selected one of each:\u00a0<em>The Sultan of Babylon<\/em>,\u00a0<em>The Siege of Milan<\/em>, and\u00a0<em>The Tale of Ralph the Collier<\/em>. This is a valuable introduction to Charlemagne romances and is accessible to beginners in Middle English because of contextualizing introductions and glosses for each text, as well as a helpful glossary.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<hr \/>\n<h1 id=\"scholarship\"><strong>Sources for Scholarship<\/strong><\/h1>\n<h3 id=\"continually-updated-resources\"><strong>Continually Updated Resources<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/18JClsma1BMKYCxvgeWqwPej3ZSCrQXlAlXbL0CdqWmE\/edit\">Race and Medieval Studies: A Partial Bibliography<\/a><br \/>\n\u2014\u00a0This is an absolutely wonderful\u00a0Google document started by Jonathan Hsy and Julie Orlemanski. \u00a0It is becoming fairly comprehensive, and is still developing; click on the link to both read and contribute! NOTE: Some of the bibliographic information on these sites is inaccurate; please do not expect this document to either be a final product or a fully edited\/corrected work.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medievalpoc.tumblr.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">People of Color in European Art History<\/a><br \/>\nBecause you wouldn\u2019t want to be historically inaccurate.<br \/>\n<em>\u2014\u00a0This is a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/\">Tumblr<\/a>\u00a0site that is\u00a0constantly updated with images, such as the one to the right of this text.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-319 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/tumblr_nzcf8iigjt1ssmm02o1_1280-300x225-1-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" \/><\/em><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blackcentraleurope.com\/sources\/1000-1500\/\">Black Central Europe: 1100-1500<\/a><br \/>\n\u2014 \u201cWhat were Black experiences in Europe like\u00a0before the arrival of the transatlantic slave trade? How did medieval Europeans view the continent of Africa? Where did the black St. Maurice and the Black Magus come from, and why have they persisted into the present? Discover the travels and lives of Africans in German-speaking Europe as they interacted with painters, writers, emperors, and priests. Often labeled as \u201cMoors,\u201d many Black figures stood at the intersection between religion (Islam and Christianity) and culture. Coming from \u201cexotic\u201d lands full of riches and the promises of new alliances, the Moor in the European imagination symbolized the ambitions of Christian universalism and the expansion of European empires.\u201c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<h3 id=\"other-resources\"><strong>Other Resources<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/kismet.press\/portfolio\/medieval-pedagogical-writings\/#undefined0\"><em>Medieval Pedagogical Writings: An Epitome<\/em><\/a>.\u00a0Sarah B. Lynch. Kismet Press, 2018.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cRace.\u201d Jeffrey J. Cohen.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/note:%20Some%20of%20the%20bibliographic%20information%20on%20these%20sites%20is%20inaccurate;%20please%20do%20not%20expect%20this%20document%20to%20either%20be%20a%20final%20product%20or%20a%20fully%20edited\/corrected%20work.\"><em>A Handbook of Middle English Studies<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Ed. Marion Turner. \u00a0Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 2013: 109-122.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.englandsimmigrants.com\/page\">England\u2019s Immigrants, 1330-1550: Resident Aliens in the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 \u201cEngland\u2019s Immigrants 1330-1550 is a major research project funded by the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ahrc.ac.uk\/Pages\/default.aspx\">Arts and Humanities Research Council<\/a>,\u00a0which has run between February 2012 and February 2015. \u00a0 We are exploring the extensive archival evidence about the names, origins, occupations and households of a significant number of foreigners who chose to make their lives and livelihoods in England in the era of the Hundred Years War, the Black Death and the Wars of the Roses. The project contributes creatively to the longer-term history of immigration to England, and helps to provide a deep historical and cultural context to contemporary debates over ethnicity, multiculturalism and national identity.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sourcebooks.fordham.edu\/sbook.asp\">Internet Medieval Sourcebook<\/a>\u00a0(Paul Halsal, Fordham University Center for Medieval Studies) \u2014\u00a0<em>This was last edited in 2011.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"recent-peer-reviewed-articles-and-books\"><strong>Some Peer Reviewed Articles and Books<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><em>This is a developing list of works not featured in one of the journal or blog publications listed further below, organized in publication order. I\u2019m working to update this, but I\u2019m woefully behind! For a significantly more comprehensive list, see Julie Orlemanski and Jonthan Hsy\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/18JClsma1BMKYCxvgeWqwPej3ZSCrQXlAlXbL0CdqWmE\/edit\">Race and Medieval Studies: A Partial Bibliography<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>2018<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/books\/invention-of-race-in-the-european-middle-ages\/878223724345B49D515AA39DF3A0B617\"><em>The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(Geraldine Heng, Cambridge U P, 2018)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2017<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.5406\/jenglgermphil.116.2.0156\">Revising Race in La\u0292amon\u2019s\u00a0<em>Brut<\/em><\/a>.\u201d Jonathan Davis-Secord.\u00a0<em>Journal of English and Germanic Philology<\/em>. \u00a0116.2 (April 2017): 156-181.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cRobes, Turbans, and Beards: \u2018Ethnic Passing\u2019 in Decameron X.9.\u201d Ana Grinberg.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/boydellandbrewer.com\/series\/medieval-clothing-and-textiles\/medieval-clothing-and-textiles-13-hb.html\"><em>Medieval Clothing and Textiles 13<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Eds. Robin Netherton and Gale R. Owen-Crocker. (2017): 67-81.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/The-Place-of-the-Social-Margins-1350-1750\/Spicer-Crawshaw\/p\/book\/9781138790728\"><em>The Place of the Social Margins, 1350-1750<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Eds. Andrew Spicer and Jane L Crashaw. \u00a0New York: Routledge, 2017.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2016<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.palgrave.com\/us\/book\/9781137601315\"><em>Representing Difference in the Medieval and Modern Orientalist Romance<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Amy Burge. New York: Palgrave, 2016.<\/li>\n<li>Chapter 2: An Alien Presence: Giants as Markers of Race, Class, and Culture.\u201d Sylvia Huot. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/undpress.nd.edu\/books\/P03241?keywords=outsiders\"><em>Outsiders: The Humanity and Inhumanity of Giants in Medieval French Prose Romance<\/em><\/a>. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2016.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/boydellandbrewer.com\/christians-and-jews-in-angevin-england.html\"><em>Christians and Jews in Medieval England: The York Massacre of 1190, Narratives and Contexts<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Eds. Sarah Rees Jones and Sethina Watson. \u00a0Suffolk: Boydell and Brewer, 2013, 2016.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cThe Color of Money: The BBC\u2019s \u2018Sea Captain\u2019s Tale.\u2019\u201d Kathleen Coyne Kelly. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ohiostatepress.org\/books\/BookPages\/kelly_pugh_chaucer.html\"><em>Chaucer on Screen: Absence, Presence, and Adapting<\/em>\u00a0The Canterbury Tales<\/a>. \u00a0Eds. Kathleen Coyne Kelly and Tison Pugh. \u00a0Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 2016: 218-229.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/jhupbooks.press.jhu.edu\/content\/mediterranean-world\"><em>The Mediterranean World: From the Fall of Rome to the Rise of Napoleon<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Monique O\u2019Connell and Eric R. Dursteler. \u00a0Baltimore: Johs Hopkins University Press, 2016.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Race-and-Popular-Fantasy-Literature-Habits-of-Whiteness\/Young\/p\/book\/9781138850231\"><em>Race and Popular Fantasy Literature: Habits of Whiteness<\/em><\/a>. Helen Young. New York: Routledge, 2016.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2015<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Race-Popular-Fantasy-Literature-Interdisciplinary-ebook\/dp\/B013RC62JA\/ref=sr_1_fkmr1_3?ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1521392261&amp;sr=8-3-fkmr1&amp;keywords=breaking+the+habit+of+whiteness\"><em>Race and Popular Fantasy Literature: Habits of Whiteness<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(Helen Young, Routledge, 2015)<\/li>\n<li>\u201cAn African Saint in Medieval Europe: The Black Saint Maurice and the Enigma of Racial Sanctity.\u201d Geraldine Heng.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Sainthood-and-Race-Marked-Flesh-Holy-Flesh\/Bassett-Lloyd\/p\/book\/9780415740128\"><em>Sainthood and Race: Marked Flesh, Holy Flesh<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Eds. Molly H. Bassett and Vincent W. Lloyd. \u00a0New York: Routledge, 2015: 18-44.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Racisms-Crusades-Twentieth-Francisco-Bethencourt\/dp\/0691169756\/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1506283384&amp;sr=1-1-fkmr0&amp;keywords=f.+bethencourt+racism\"><em>Racisms: From the Crusades to the Twentieth Century<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0 Francisco Bethencourt. \u00a0Reprint. Princeton University Press, 2015.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/30%20Haught.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7crfbNu7XhVgoBKi16fSbcgzBnaFpkozQHf4MpVpdSYHZzwhtpkb6GBFwihqJM8dEllPrjmL4tyaIjfntdhq0TcLZ7kv8uL0lrzdisaxgG6o9p5SP2ygKeVAPW9J-JT17qII3kTXfvtpFAnmZKe9K5Qjil-LtHPMZWp0qH6S_Ce57hJmVVqVsl7-xOo1U_xnQQ6UmY55tqHeMEIUljVQT_JKQPJKq7zqpcYgoAt1ML6tpD0yuZw%3D&amp;attredirects=0\">\u201cWhat if your future was the past?\u201d: Temporality, Gender, and the \u201cIsms\u201d of\u00a0<em>Outlander\u00a0<\/em><\/a>by Leah Haught,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2015)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/30%20Evans.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cpKInAh6C7Gh0Gw6QI740A1slbKFvXcrcQhCimbBrLgFzyJSXWkfluNMrGNx6aF3s-m6n6AnD6aMSRph4ZqKCnaF_LChz9fPKCU54ZGNeOyWiBPy3hZTybPDhLmACBYenXTvBHvK95dWvWFbTlXLWWNesX-PCqYIGQu__dekI9MLkO-mWCicvcK2u8aiDeXUcdnjAayl_z_oBZ6ggqY8ljffaJs6hI1rr_E5AfpQSlRm-DqQeU%3D&amp;attredirects=0\">Is pre-Columbian America Medieval?: Indigenous Absence in American Medievalisms<\/a>\u00a0by Michael R. Evans,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2015)<\/li>\n<li>\u201cReinventing Race, Colonization, and Globalisms across Deep Time: Lessons from the\u00a0<em>Longue Dur\u00e9e<\/em>.\u201d Geraldine Heng.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mlajournals.org\/toc\/pmla\/130\/2\"><em>PMLA<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>130.2 (March 2015): 358-66.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/downloadpdf\/j\/tra.2015.13.issue-1\/tra-2015-0007\/tra-2015-0007.pdf\">Reframing Race and Jewish\/Christian Relations in the Middle Ages<\/a>.\u201d \u00a0Dorothy Kim.\u00a0<em>Transversal<\/em>. 13.1 (2015): 52-64.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2014<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cTranslation Failure: The TARDIS, Cross-Temporal Language Contact, and Medieval Travel Narrative.\u201d Jonathan Hsy.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Language-Doctor-Who-Shakespeare-Television\/dp\/1442234806\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1506288918&amp;sr=1-1&amp;keywords=the+language+of+doctor+who\"><em>The Language of<\/em>\u00a0Doctor Who<em>: From Shakespeare to Alien Tongues<\/em><\/a>. Eds. Jason Barr and Camille D.G. Mustachio. \u00a0Lanham, MD: Rowman &amp; Littlefield, 2014: 109-123.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.upenn.edu\/pennpress\/book\/15178.html\"><em>In Light of Another\u2019s Word: European Ethnography in the Middle Ages<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Shirin Khanmohamadi. \u00a0Philadelphia: The University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2013<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cSaracens and Race in Roman de la Rose Iconography: The case of Dangier in Bodleian Douce 195.\u201d Nadia Altschul. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.press.jhu.edu\/journals\/digital-philology-journal-medieval-cultures\"><em>Digital Philology<\/em><\/a>\u00a02.1 (2013): 1-15.<\/li>\n<li>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/10.1525\/rep.2013.121.1.85?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents\">Excavating the Borders of Literary Anglo-Saxonism in Nineteenth-Century Britain and Australia<\/a>.\u201d \u00a0 Louise D\u2019Arcens and Chris Jones.\u00a0<em>Representations<\/em>. \u00a0121.1 (Winter 2013): 85-106.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cChapter 4: The Canterbury Pilgrimage and African Diaspora.\u201d Katheen Forni. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mcfarlandbooks.com\/book-2.php?id=978-0-7864-7344-1\"><em>Chaucer\u2019s Afterlife: Adaptations in Recent Popular Culture<\/em><\/a>. \u00a0Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2013.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/28%20Fugelso.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cqaHL7KiV-cfwT15dDha_upl-4FVMKylB6YRi7m5auvQgXUBTCFQw_WOlfPwlj0JQtyy7GwAJtHqvtTKDkjW9S0AFbQgVaXnrTHrCiUWniez4eZMq4X3dlR-hReok0CVFI9TKuWr9TTkUSRoJRqNLfaIMzttt8jWDFP8-PhCANTwFFx5pwrmFy8170pF7l-018t4ntOROfFiD49iz49Fmy_n1fCVj8N8i7OzPFwcvaV0VJfLP3DM59UlSqqkd_aO-6jcICK&amp;attredirects=0\">Embracing Our Marginalism: Mitigating the Tyranny of a Central Paradigm<\/a>\u00a0by Karl Fugelso,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2013)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ohiostatepress.org\/books\/Book%20Pages\/Hsy%20Trading.html\"><em>Trading Tongues: Merchants, Multilingualism, and Medieval Literature.<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Jonathan Hsy. \u00a0Interventions: New Studies in Medieval Culture. \u00a0Columbus: The Ohio State University Press, 2013.<\/li>\n<li>\u201cThe Jewish Body in Black and White in Medieval and Early Modern England.\u201d Lindsay M. Kaplan.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/english.uiowa.edu\/philological-quarterly\/abstracts-volume-92-number-1-2013\"><em>Philological Quarterly<\/em><\/a>\u00a0\u00a092.1 (2013): 41-65.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/28%20Robinson.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cqSmFPwfnq_wjADu5-2-Ezrhy1KeOiplFrgE25jKbZK28THb0RdPC8h2lOPMp-7CwMdgZuk321XalRznz2Y6NpjmX2srqPZMM4iq-uSBNJ5bwmRmLnQJ9j1c4JRCx1bRSD-J62OacaL6CFsMADvFMnmq51gTLD0KD_GTA45PHT6Lq2QT9pyE7q1A5THMIXSX_hrQiQxbz0Sv30iJsooalCRMPM7LtmSwwoooQsf0BbFMezapU4WW4U-bruvDgZx0dYJgnrR&amp;attredirects=0\">The Quest for a Deaf Lesbian Dwarf (or Anyone Else that Might Have Been Excluded) in Medievalist Video Games: A Response to Karl Fugelso\u2019s \u2018Manifesto<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/all-issues\/28-2013\">\u2018<\/a>\u00a0by Carol L. Robinson,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2013)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/28%20Young.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cqpgiVtQrWtHiZCJBe5WH9rZaK5vF29vfZJj6qczt_4kUDge_NTmh7CyFY44FAThP43zef_Z1DzdSl9V6qsQgSXv69ac-Fqh44k-c-IA3SuecEZEyicc2cYRTAfOZFw0ocKom78iOjEJZu47-Lfbe3nPZ5s4fdAJjXzN0VuTBkRvvptvA9NuiQ_fXjH_gVBVs_qWOrU0X_2W9MBaJYNGUSd0t6fZRENkc59PAS-52fsZr36pVE%3D&amp;attredirects=0\">Place and Time: Medievalism and Making Race<\/a>\u00a0by Helen Young,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2013)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"other-recent-blog-entries-and-articles\"><strong>Blog Scholarship\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><em>This is a developing list of works not featured in one of the journal or blog publications listed further below, organized in publication order.\u00a0 For a significantly more comprehensive list, see Julie Orlemanski and Jonthan Hsy\u2019s\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/18JClsma1BMKYCxvgeWqwPej3ZSCrQXlAlXbL0CdqWmE\/edit\">Race and Medieval Studies: A Partial Bibliography<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medievalistsofcolor.com\/public-discourse\/\">The Alt-Right Is Taking Over Renaissance Fairs<\/a>\u00a0by Kelly Weill (<em>Daily Beast<\/em>, July 27, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/education\/yes-there-were-poc-in-medieval-europe\">Yes, There Were People of Color in Pre-Modern Europe: A Conversation with @MedievalPOC, an Activist Using Social Media to Change How We See Color in the Past<\/a>\u00a0by David M. Perry (<em>Pacific Standard<\/em>, December 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.history.com\/news\/how-hate-groups-are-hijacking-medieval-symbols-while-ignoring-the-facts-behind-them\">How Hate Groups Are Hijacking Medieval Symbols While Ignoring the Facts Behind Them<\/a>\u00a0by Becky Little (<em>History<\/em>, December 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/entry\/we-must-protect-our-history-from-white-supremecists_us_59f07b47e4b01ecaf1a3e831\">We Must Protect Our History from White Supremacists<\/a>\u00a0by Brynn Tannehill (<em>Huffinton Post<\/em>, October 25, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/09\/where-do-we-go-from-here.html\">Where Do We Go from Here?<\/a>\u00a0by Helen Young (September 28, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.digitalpedagogylab.com\/hybridped\/making-invisible-visible\/\">Making the Invisible Visible<\/a>\u00a0by Kisha Tracy and Katharine Covino (September 27, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mostlymedievalimagesreflections.blogspot.com\/2017\/09\/the-virgin-at-chartres-white-supremacy.html\">The Virgin at Chartres, White Supremacy, and Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Marian,\u00a0<em>Mostly Medieval: Images and Reflections<\/em>\u00a0(September 20, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/thematerialcollective.org\/medieval-studies-age-trump\/\">Medieval Studies in the Age of Trump<\/a>\u00a0by Maggie Williams, Material Collective (September 20, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thismess.net\/2017\/09\/milo-and-livelier-way.html\">Milo and the \u201cLivelier Style\u201d<\/a>\u00a0by David M. Perry,\u00a0<em>How did we get into this mess?<\/em>\u00a0(September 19, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/entry\/whats-with-nazis-and-knights_us_59c0b469e4b082fd4205b98d?ncid=engmodushpmg00000003\">What\u2019s with Nazis and Knights?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Bryan William Van Norden,\u00a0<em>Huffington Post<\/em>\u00a0(September 19, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/news\/2017\/09\/19\/one-professors-critique-another-divides-medieval-studies?utm_source=Inside+Higher+Ed&amp;utm_campaign=3b6dfa8a05-DNU20170919&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_term=0_1fcbc04421-3b6dfa8a05-197379961&amp;mc_cid=3b6dfa8a05&amp;mc_eid=2c614940ec\">A Schism in Medieval Studies, for All to See<\/a>\u00a0by Nick Roll,\u00a0<em>Inside Higher Ed<\/em>\u00a0(September 19, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medievalkarl.com\/2017\/09\/19\/what-the-article-didnt-include-on-whiteness-medieval-studies-and-the-adulation-of-creeps\/\">What the article didn\u2019t include: on whiteness, medieval studies, and the adulation of creeps<\/a>\u00a0by Karl Steel,\u00a0<em>Medieval Karl<\/em>\u00a0(September 19, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/A-Debate-About-White-Supremacy\/241234?cid=at&amp;utm_source=at&amp;utm_medium=en&amp;elqTrackId=e6d0676d714a434c89b7a937da5a339f&amp;elq=2cbc45f01212490d96fc861eb49ca8f1&amp;elqaid=15657&amp;elqat=1&amp;elqCampaignId=6712\">A Debate About White Supremacy and Medieval Studies Exposes Deep Rifts in the Field<\/a>\u00a0by Nell Gluckman,\u00a0<em>The Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>\u00a0(September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.thismess.net\/2017\/09\/on-media-nazis-and-medieval-studies.html\">On the Media: Nazis and Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by David M. Perry,\u00a0<em>How did we get into this mess?<\/em>\u00a0(September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/quodshe.wordpress.com\/2017\/09\/18\/how-to-signal-that-youre-a-bully\/\">How to Signal That You\u2019re a Bully<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Virago,\u00a0<em>Quod She 2.0<\/em>\u00a0(September 18, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/eidolon.pub\/whose-job-is-it-to-support-a-harassed-scholar-b720bcf02fc8\">Whose Job Is It to Support a Harassed Scholar?<\/a>\u00a0by Donna Zuckerberg and Sarah E. Bond (September 15, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/richardutz.blogspot.com\/2017\/09\/see-something-say-something.html\">See Something, Say Something<\/a>\u00a0by Richard Utz (September 15, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sarahemilybond.com\/2017\/09\/10\/hold-my-mead-a-bibliography-for-historians-hitting-back-at-white-supremacy\/amp\/\">Hold My Mead: A Bibliography for Historians Hitting Back at White Supremacy<\/a>\u00a0by Sarah Emily Bond (September 10, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/psmag.com\/education\/nazis-love-taylor-swift-and-also-the-crusades\">What to do When Nazis Are Obsessed with Your Field<\/a>\u00a0by David M. Perry,\u00a0<em>Pacific Standard<\/em>\u00a0(September 6, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/brandonwhawk.net\/2017\/08\/03\/diversifying-saslc\/\">DIVERSIFYING SASLC\u00a0<\/a>by Brandon W. Hawk (August 3, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/Medievalists-Recoiling-From\/240666\">Medievalists, Recoiling from White Supremacy, Try to Diversity the Field<\/a>\u00a0by J. Clara Chan,\u00a0<em>Chronicle of Higher Education<\/em>\u00a0(July 16, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/classicalstudies.org\/about\/scs-newsletter-september-2017-medieval-studies-and-harassment\">Race, Gender, Academia, and the Tactics of Digital Online Harassment<\/a>\u00a0by Dorothy Kim,\u00a0<em>Society for Classical Studies Newsletter<\/em>\u00a0(Medieval Studies and Harassment, September 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tressiemc.com\/essays-2\/academic-outrage-when-the-culture-wars-go-digital\/\">Academic Outrage: When the Culture Wars Go Digital<\/a>\u00a0by Tressie McMillan Cottom,\u00a0<em>tressiemc: some of us are brave<\/em>\u00a0(July 7, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/79a68520-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com\/site\/theyearsworkinmedievalism\/cabinet\/31%20Johnsrud.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7crr0aJRnCUSvSJ1CuOSzKTn5RRVysAxaqCSE_eOyHlCHF_ufhtpJ5UyNSPx__tEscrMUV8PRjKZvvVWcUgdPZ_ppc0ragLkeyJfif8996GXdRsjHDyKOorsAKxTjOmZ5zNNRVRO6YGkkx8okSS74sDhj8GjtDjUDv5GXHCT6c7ecdjbLkII7bIWN4VTZ-Bht8GjXwPH4EZollt6AW8EjMd3wPjapR-G8XgR0D__6OUu17RQ1UEZzPEq8aSEFoIfDrBAiKpa&amp;attredirects=0\">The Crusades All Over Again: Obama, ISIS, and Medieval Metaphors after 9\/11 by\u00a0<\/a>Brian Johnsrud,\u00a0<em>The Year\u2019s Work in Medievalism<\/em>\u00a0(2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.wellesley.edu\/whatisracialdifference\/2016\/01\/21\/racial-dynamics-in-the-medieval-literature-classroom\/\">Racial Dynamics in the Medieval Literature Classroom<\/a>\u00a0by Jonathan Hsy,\u00a0<em>What Is Racial Difference?<\/em>\u00a0(January 21, 2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2015\/04\/making-race-matter-in-middle-ages.html\">Making Race Matter in the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0by Eileen Joy (April 18, 2015)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/codeswitch\/2013\/12\/13\/250184740\/taking-a-magnifying-glass-to-the-brown-faces-in-medieval-art\">Taking a Magnifying Glass to the Brown Faces in Medieval Art<\/a>\u00a0by Gene Demby,\u00a0<em>Code Switch: Race and Identity Remixed<\/em>\u00a0(December 13, 2013)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"special-issues-running-features\"><strong>Special Issues &amp; Features<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/?m=1\"><em><strong>In the Middle<\/strong><\/em><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/?m=1\"><em><strong>peace love &amp; the middle Ages<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"kg-image alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/teams-medieval.org\/content\/images\/2021\/02\/image-2--1-.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"208\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2018\/03\/putting-iberia-in-middle.html\">Putting Iberia in the Middle<\/a>\u00a0by Shamma Boyarin (March 17, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2018\/03\/dear-fellow-iberianists-where-are-we.html\">Dear Fellow Iberianists: Where Are We? \u2014 Part Two<\/a>\u00a0by Chad Leahy (March 15, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2018\/02\/dear-fellow-iberianists-where-are-we.html\">Dear Fellow Iberianists: Where Are We?<\/a>\u00a0by Chad Leahy (February 15, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2018\/02\/antiracist-medievalisms-lessons-from.html\">Antiracist Medievalisms: Lessons from Chinese Exclusion<\/a>\u00a0by Jonathan Hsy (February 16, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/09\/4-thoughts-about-vulnerability-and.html\">4 Thoughts about Vulnerability and Community<\/a>\u00a0by J. J. Cohen (September 20, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/09\/in-support-of-dorothy-kim.html\">In Support of Dorothy Kim<\/a>\u00a0by the ITM Bloggers (September 17, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/08\/medievalfail.html?m=1\">Medievalfail<\/a>\u00a0by Helen Young (August 31, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/08\/teaching-medieval-studies-in-time-of.html?m=1\">Teaching Medieval Studies in a Time of White Supremacy<\/a>\u00a0by Dorothy Kim (August 28, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/08\/decentering-medieval-studies-guest-post.html\">Decentering Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Shamma Boyarin (August 7, 2018)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/07\/on-pushback-progress-and-promise.html?m=1\">On Pushback, Progress and Promise<\/a>\u00a0by J J Cohen (July 19, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2017\/06\/whiteness-in-medieval-studies-workshop.html\">Whiteness in Medieval Studies Workshop: A Reflection of Emotional Labor<\/a>\u00a0by Shokoofeh Rajabzadeh (June 28, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/smfsweb.org\/presidents-letters-to-leeds-imc-re-diversity-and-inclusivity\/\">#MoreVoices: Citation, Inclusion, and Working Together\u00a0<\/a>by Jonathan Hsy \u00a0(June 13, 2017)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2016\/12\/white-nationalism-and-ethics-of.html\">White Nationalism and the Ethics of Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Sierra Lomuto (December 5, 2016)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2014\/08\/re-making-real-middle-ages.html\">Re-making the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0by Helen Young \u00a0(August 21, 2014)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2014\/08\/divergent-bodies-and-medieval-studies.html\">Divergent Bodies and Medieval Studies<\/a>\u00a0by Dorothy Kim \u00a0(August 20, 2014)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.inthemedievalmiddle.com\/2014\/08\/diversity-and-medievaltwitter.html\">Diversity and #medievaltwitter<\/a>\u00a0by Michelle R. Warren \u00a0(August 18, 2014)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/\">The Public Medievalist<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><strong>Special Focus:\u00a0<\/strong>Race, Racism, and the Middle Ages (Ed. Paul<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-320 \" src=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screenshot-2026-01-10-at-6.45.25-PM.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 224px) 100vw, 224px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screenshot-2026-01-10-at-6.45.25-PM.png 782w, https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screenshot-2026-01-10-at-6.45.25-PM-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Screenshot-2026-01-10-at-6.45.25-PM-768x428.png 768w\" alt=\"\" width=\"224\" height=\"125\" \/>\u00a0B. Sturtevant)<\/p>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Introduction:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Frace-racism-middle-ages-tearing-whites-medieval-world%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=5rb%2BItqSwHg%2BF3qctrlZl3%2FAQGCUCPYR9C3uQWdo0zg%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Race, Racism, and the Middle Ages: Tearing Down the \u201cWhites Only\u201d Medieval World<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<em>Introducing a new Public Medievalist series: taking on the white-supremacist ideas of the medieval past, and exploring the stories of people of color in the Middle Ages.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part I:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fdark-enlightenment%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=2XhrPTaECUU%2Fq9dE%2FLqvT4qauNMghoqBCpQGXQtsvbY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A Brief History of a Terrible Idea: The \u201cDark Enlightenment\u201d<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Dark Age \u2014\u00a0<em>White supremacists promote a bizarre theory: that the Enlightenment was the real \u201cDark Ages\u201d.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part II:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fvile-love-affair%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=7H0OaK9vYDY%2BFrMc%2BIYiSYpBO9qAkHwFTGdOY9YcosA%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">A Vile Love Affair: Right Wing Nationalism and the Middle Ages\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0by Andrew B. R. Elliott \u2014\u00a0<em>Right wing nationalists since Hitler have had a love affair with the Middle Ages. Why is their twisted version of the past on the rise again?<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part III:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Frace-in-the-trenches%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=ws5j9XfIjyeB9wHiRbHr5XJc6R1Ovp8XRcCL%2FWajF0Y%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">\u201cRace\u201d in the Trenches: Anglo-Saxons, Ethnicity, and the Misuse of the Medieval Past<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by James M. Harland \u2014\u00a0<em>Hitler had a crack archaeology unit. Racist nationalists have used medieval archaeology to prop up their worldview\u2014but modern scholars are knocking out their supports.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part IV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fis-race-real%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=RlQVoG%2FdbSqiXuUpOSCSdjkgwr8YxHXJIhtzc3acSPg%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Is \u201cRace\u201d Real?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>Spoiler Alert: no. Everything you\u2019ve been taught about \u201crace\u201d is is completely made up. Here\u2019s how we know\u2026<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part V:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Frussia-love%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=eY1Ce56Wlt97D%2BJpgMCiM62wDito2CaQdWy6RiWikDY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">To Russia, With Love: Courting a New Crusade<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Dark Age \u2014\u00a0<em>How \u201ccivilizational conservatives\u201d want Trump and Putin to start a new Crusade.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part VI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fmedieval-people-racist%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=mkLMx2plq28AxLq7%2BxtfKlp4XTwne4E8zpQPVTRE0Nw%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Were Medieval People Racist?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>Were medieval people racist? You might think the answer is a simple \u201cyes!\u201d, but it\u2019s far more complicated than that\u2026<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part VII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fwhere-middle-ages%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=btsFmCdpaH%2BhtIa2B8ocsRbn8B5%2ByEBTOG8SwiXnZfY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Where were the Middle Ages?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Marianne O\u2019Doherty \u2014\u00a0<em>A whites-only view of the Middle Ages needs a Europe-only Middle Ages to exist. Let\u2019s pull that apart, shall we?<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part VIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fgreatest-medieval-map%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=NZmE1yKOTEHMzd8hXKW%2BSUd7eKr5LiOg57i3hJF6Qq4%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">A Wonder of the Multicultural Medieval World: The Tabula Rogeriana<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>The greatest map possibly ever created was made by an Arab Muslim refugee working for a French-Norse king of Sicily on a giant silver disc in the twelfth century. It is one of the multicultural wonders of the world.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part IX:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Ffinding-islamic-culture-christian-space%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=l5RGzNNGEuPWVQo6x31s6f0ARJXGF9VivpqwTOu%2BJMo%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Finding Islamic Culture in a Christian Space<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Clare Vernon \u2014\u00a0<em>When Christians and Muslims often lived side-by-side, their cultures and religions sometimes blended into one another, even in their houses of worship.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part X:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fpoet-mediterranean-ibn-hamdis%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=W8xr%2BLvC7O1NztLyPg43roUMshRheThnJIBPOFJAR30%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">The Poet of the Mediterranean: Ibn Hamdis<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Luca Asmonti \u2014\u00a0<em>Ibn Hamdis was one of the great poets of the Mediterranean: a Arab-Sicilian whose haunting, enchanting verses show the interconnectedness of the human experience.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fwhite-middle-ages-come%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=Qsq9hjNw7kkzDEmsrDOOVEWmPDOSORW4MHETj0Yt2cY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Where Do the \u201cWhite Middle Ages\u201d Come From?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Helen Young \u2014\u00a0<em>We have explored the vile effects of the \u201cwhites-only\u201d Middle Ages, but how did the Middle Ages get linked with racism?<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fmiraculous-bleach%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=Sp5cJ85g6FvwV1S4ZkFaNldQX9bEWCA0z4%2BMsRrpf%2F0%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Miraculous Bleach and Giant Feet: Were Medieval People Racist? II<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Dark Age \u2014\u00a0<em>Monsters with no heads, grey aliens, and morphing babies can tell us a lot about medieval racism.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Ffeeling-british%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=Pgde13U3%2FM5ungBb78%2FjvXuZbhMCV4PGH%2BOhUcluDMY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Feeling \u2018British\u2019<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Eric Weiskott \u2014\u00a0<em>What does \u201cBritish\u201d mean? Who gets to call themselves \u201cBritish\u201d? This conflict has roots leading back to King Arthur, Merlin, and some of the earliest inhabitants of this sceptered isle.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XIV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Frecovering-medieval-africa%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=9fAPfYFBTpntGlLaMuBPaefBdtm7KZ0wLM9nuEf7KrA%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Recovering a \u201cLost\u201d Medieval Africa: Interview with Chapurukha Kusimba, Part I<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>During the Middle Ages, Africa wasn\u2019t in a \u201cdark age\u201d; it was linked to an emerging global world. Special interview with African Anthropologist Chapurukha Kusimba, part I.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Frhodes-hall%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=5iTQAvm5XfFqkmM2FSxFX2f%2B4jNPbB479lEkSoFZZLw%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Cupid at the Castle: Romance, Medievalism, and Race at Atlanta\u2019s Rhodes Hall<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Richard Utz \u2014<em>\u00a0In Atlanta, you can get married in a beautiful, fairytale castle: Rhodes Hall. But the backdrop of all those wedding photos holds a complex, racist history.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XVI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fwho-built-africa%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=P0%2B9PlTDijzw5cRZ6jnHAvoiJxhlZCXaiwJMfWFuJjE%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Who Built Africa?<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>Racist colonialists needed African civilizations not to have been built by Africans to justify their plunder of the continent. Continuing our special interview with Professor Chapurukha Kusimba.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XVII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Funcovering-african%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=EqLE6LMfNil%2BNukPwP586pSk34PLvSIUlC%2FLbrrG8oU%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Uncovering the African Presence in Medieval Europe<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Adam Simmons \u2014\u00a0<em>No Africans in medieval Europe? Tell that to the King of Nubia, who at the beginning of the 13th century took the most epic pilgrimage possible.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XVIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fmystery-stephen-african%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=gv8dtilQ%2FsZjWhy8cUAldnUIvkrVPqtYZRp%2BcMIcjZ8%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">The Mystery of Stephen the African<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Sihong Lin \u2014<em>\u00a0How common was it for Africans to live in medieval Europe? Apparently, very!<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XIX:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fpizzagate-cults%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=a3im0javjsxYAUpOynL4dwUBDy9bzfBljLQNniulRJA%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">\u201cPizzagate\u201d and the Nocturnal Ritual Fantasy: Imaginary Cults, Fake News, and Real Violence<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Michael Barbezat \u2014\u00a0<em>The \u201cPizzagate\u201d conspiracy wasn\u2019t a flash in the pan. It is part of a tradition of \u201cnocturnal ritual fantasies\u201d that seek to create a fundamentally persecuting society, a tradition that had origins in the medieval persecutions of heretics, Jews and Templars.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XX:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Ffive-million-years-history%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=ddF1IzpmA%2F5bhZqra27xX1VsIve3MAo4h120EW2%2BvDw%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">East Africa: Five Million Years of History<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>How can we learn more about the long, long history of Africa? And what might it have to teach us? The final part of our interview with Professor Chapurukha Kusimba.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Introduction:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fintro-jews-middle-ages%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=uTk8GmtzXXT1NqkNElH5uUmUreZ0A%2FNZ0Fzei8BusKM%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jews, Anti-Semitism and the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014\u00a0<em>Introducing a topical thread in our series on all aspects of medieval anti-Jewish prejudice and violence.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fanti-semitism-older-think%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=Vu6K5oTNap2Y7EvUydOKeENRCk7cwAzLjUsO%2FgYgJfI%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Anti-Semitism Is Older Than You Think<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Dark Age \u2014\u00a0<em>Anti-Jewish hate didn\u2019t begin with the Nazis, the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, or even the Middle Ages. Its roots are nearly 2000 years old.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Ftale-two-europes-jews-medieval-world%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=mztZMv9Kc9JJKfVKJ1tFUly2UNhSDQxYfO6MYTzIk0s%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">A Tale of Two Europes: Jews in the Medieval World<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Dr. Dark Age \u2014\u00a0<em>Anti-Semitism was disturbingly common in the Middle Ages. But there were some places in the Middle Ages where Jews not only survived, but thrived.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fimportance-absent%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=aiXEU8OB9BkWLiF0pDy0d8P%2BngdrqsfFczSU4o0n%2BaY%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">The Importance of Being Absent<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Richard \u00a0Cole \u2014\u00a0<em>Medieval Scandinavia was riddled with anti-Semitic imagery. Odd thing though: no Jews ever lived there.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXIV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fhate-someone-youve-never-met%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=V08SjTJ4Ky1fP98M17B1gVdDZuegFxScocBywKJ0chk%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">\u201cBad Hombres\u201d: How to Hate Someone You\u2019ve Never Met<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Richard Cole \u2014\u00a0<em>It\u2019s always easier to hate someone you\u2019ve never met. That\u2019s as true for medieval antisemitism as it is for contemporary British and US politics.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fanti-semitism-before-semites%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=jAb%2BivhyjFuSgeE4NtVbtYpDqnLqKw0gghXDu2m53ak%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">\u201cAnti-Semitism\u201d Before \u201cSemites\u201d: The Risks and Rewards of Anachronism<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Matthew Chalmers \u2014\u00a0<em>Did you know that the word \u201canti-Semitism\u201d didn\u2019t exist before 1879? If that\u2019s true, how can we talk about anti-Semitism in the Middle Ages at all?<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXVI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fgame-thrones-racism-problem%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=EM0DYOQpkvpGfaJfuxDtZKhStRyq1EwItVlDi%2FO3%2Buw%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Game of Thrones\u2019 Racism Problem<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Helen Young \u2014\u00a0<em>Game of Thrones doesn\u2019t just have a \u201cdiversity problem,\u201d it has a racism problem.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXVII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Ftoddler-pogrom%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=cw8PwSd8z9m8BemFevKQA7Un%2F8p0OvqlgcwgCFiYxZU%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">The Sainted Toddler Who Sparked a Pogrom<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Bianca Lopez \u2014\u00a0<em>Simon of Trent: a medieval object lesson in how rumors and propaganda can spread hate like wildfire.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXVIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fresist-crusade%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=JJM7Y7DoCV3%2B3KeciuJZw6esY%2Ba%2FPE3oDJ6FV4t85Vw%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Resisting the Anti-Semitic Crusade<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>The First Crusade saw a wave of vicious anti-Semitic attacks engulf Europe. But there were some who stood up and said no.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXIX:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fleaving-medieval-charlottesville%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=7yIWoKDX4q%2FZjvIEaUnQGW4BIYKNUtWBJCltw2KVTS0%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Leaving \u201cMedieval\u201d Charlottesville<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant \u2014\u00a0<em>A call to action in the wake of Charlottesville to re-enactors, LARPers, and all who enjoy the Middle Ages casually.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXX:\u00a0<\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fperfect-victims%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=kduvFbGTyj8b%2BJugZUIB7UA9AKQ1Q6UuWN2hpoyI%2FU0%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Perfect Victims: 1096 and 2017<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Jeremy DeAngelo \u2014\u00a0<em>The victims of oppression do not need to be \u201cperfect\u201d in order to deserve empathy, rights, and justice. As true in 1096 as it is today.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/na01.safelinks.protection.outlook.com\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publicmedievalist.com%2Fdeggendorf%2F&amp;data=01%7C01%7Cclrobins%40kent.edu%7C67fcd024d6a94f25849d08d4fc391f7d%7Ce5a06f4a1ec44d018f73e7dd15f26134%7C1&amp;sdata=8O3i2HfPMiDehAitCx3RnvmXbHO9QfQ2EHQtvMrtfXQ%3D&amp;reserved=0\" rel=\"bookmark noopener noreferrer\">Deggendorf, and the Long History of its Destructive Myth<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Richard Utz \u2014\u00a0<em>One sleepy German town has a dark secret that links medieval Jews, the Nazis, and Pope Benedict: a deeply anti-Semitic Catholic ritual only abandoned in 1993.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/arc-of-jewish-life\/\">The Arc of Jewish Life in the Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0by Robert Chazan<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/view-road\/\">The View from the Road: Were Medieval People Racist? III<\/a>\u00a0by James Hill<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXIV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/birth-national-disgrace\/\">The Birth of a National Disgrace: Medievalism and the KKK<\/a>\u00a0by Amy S. Kaufman<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXV:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/race-in-asoif\/\">Race in a Song of Ice and Fire: Medievalism Posing as Authenticity<\/a>\u00a0by Shiloh Carroll<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXVI<\/strong>:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/race-fantasy-genre\/\">Race: the Original Sin of the Fantasy Genre<\/a>\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXVII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/issues-religions\/\">Were Medieval People Racist? IV: Race, Religion, and Travel<\/a>\u00a0by James Hill<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXVIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/mary-beautiful-black\/\">The Virgin Mary: Beautiful and Black?<\/a>\u00a0by Sarah Randles<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXIX:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/schrodinger\/\">Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s Medievalisms<\/a>\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XXXX:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/looking-back-forward\/\">Race, Racism and the Middle Ages: Looking Back, Looking Forward<\/a>\u00a0by Paul B. Sturtevant<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XLI:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/sca-swastika\/\">Not a Good Look: The SCA Swastika Incident<\/a>\u00a0by Ken Mondschein<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XLII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/last-jedi-fox\/\">How The Last Jedi Outfoxes the Alt-Right<\/a>\u00a0by Asa Mittman<\/li>\n<li><strong>Part XLIII:<\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.publicmedievalist.com\/anglo-american-sheriffs\/\">The Medieval Problem with \u201cAnglo-American\u201d Sheriffs<\/a>\u00a0by Ken Mondschein<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/journal\/41280\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Postmedieval<\/em>\u00a0<\/a>6.1:\u00a0<\/strong>Making Race Matter in the Middle Ages \u00a0(Ed. Cord J. Whitaker)<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-321 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/earlybritlit\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/postmedieval.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"153\" height=\"199\" \/>\u00a0Spring 2015<\/p>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Editor\u2019s Introduction:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2014.40\">Race-ing the dragon: the Middle Ages, Race and Trippin\u2019 into the Future<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0by Cord J. Whitaker<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2014.41\">Race, Sex, Slavery: Reading Fanon with\u00a0<em>Aucassin et Nicolette<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by Robert Sturges<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2014.42\">On Firm Carthaginian Ground: Ethnic Boundary Fluidity and Chaucer\u2019s Dido<\/a>\u00a0by Randy P. Schiff<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2014.43\">Are the \u2018Monstrous Races\u2019 Races?<\/a>\u00a0by Asa Simon Mittman<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2015.2\">Making Whiteness Matter:\u00a0<em>The King of Tars<\/em><\/a>\u00a0by Jamie Friedman<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2015.3\">From the\u00a0<em>Knight\u2019s Tale<\/em>\u00a0to\u00a0<em>The Two Noble Kinsmen<\/em>: Rethinking Race, Class and Whiteness in Romance<\/a>\u00a0by Dennis Austin Britton<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2015.4\">\u2018The Last Syllable of Modernity\u2019: Chaucer in the Caribbean<\/a>\u00a0by Michelle R. Warren<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2015.5\">Race as Sedimented History<\/a>\u00a0by Sara Ahmed<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2014.39\">Race, Travel, Time, Heritage<\/a>\u00a0by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen and Karl Steel<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1057\/pmed.2015.7\">Erratum: Humanism, Philology and the Medievalis<\/a>t by Seth Lerer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/journal\/41280\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Postmedieval<\/em><\/a>\u00a05.3:\u00a0<\/strong>The Holocaust and the Middle Ages (Eds. Hannah Johnson and Nina Caputo) September, 2014<\/p>\n<figure class=\"kg-card kg-image-card\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"kg-image alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/teams-medieval.org\/content\/images\/2021\/02\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"175\" height=\"228\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/full\/pmed201420a.html\">Editors\u2019 Introduction: The Middle Ages and the Holocaust: Medieval Anti-Judaism in the Crucible of Modern Thought<\/a>\u00a0by Hannah Johnson and Nina Caputo<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/abs\/pmed201423a.html\">Exegetical History: Nazis at the Round Table<\/a>\u00a0by Martin Shichtman and Laurie A. Finke<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/abs\/pmed201421a.html\">\u2018Modern and Genuine Mediaevalism\u2019: Guido Kisch\u2019s Romance with the German Middle Ages<\/a>\u00a0by Mitchell B. Hart<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/abs\/pmed201419a.html\">Defending the West: Cultural Racism and Pan-Europeanism on the Far-Right<\/a>\u00a0by Daniel Wollenberg<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/full\/pmed201422a.html\">Jean-Claude Milner: Remarks on the Name Jew and the Universal<\/a>\u00a0trans. by Robert S. Kawashima<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/abs\/pmed201424a.html\">\u2018The History of an Incorrect Term\u2019: Agamben, Etymology and the Medieval History of the Holocaust<\/a>\u00a0by Heather Blurton<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/abs\/pmed201418a.html\">One or Several Jews? \u00a0The Jewish Massed Body in Old Norse Literature<\/a>\u00a0by Richard Cole<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/test-www.palgrave-journals.com\/pmed\/journal\/v5\/n3\/full\/pmed201425a.html\">Response Essay: Ethics and the Voices of the Past<\/a>\u00a0by Fred Evans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Carol L. Robinson Kent State University Previously Published\u00a0 as a TEAMS Medieval Featured Lesson. (I made this image by merging two images that I found on the Web.) This page has been built \u00a0to fuel constructive\u00a0approaches \u00a0for teaching about, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/contents\/medievalism-communities\/special-focus-race-racism-medievalism-and-the-middle-ages\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":58,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-61","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/61","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/61\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64,"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/61\/revisions\/64"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/58"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unicorn-castle.org\/medievalisms\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}